La difícil concertació entre Estats a l'hora de gestionar els recursos hídrics al Pròxim Orient centra la conferència inaugural del nou cicle de seminaris Aula Mediterrània 2019-2020.
The Middle East and North Africa region has always been dependent on agriculture and climatic conditions- However, existing climatic and demographic trends cast serious doubts on its capacity to sustain the local population and economy in the future....
Due to its geography, demography and proliferation of conflicts, the Sahel region is the most threatened in the world by climate change. Any deterioration of the situation in the Sahel has repercussions on Europe and its relations with Africa.
New threats to human security emerge in a regional context in the Sahel already characterized by exceptional political instability involving a combination of rebellions, jihadist insurgencies, coups d’état and illegal trafficking.
Too often the interaction between water, food and energy in the Mediterranean has been characterised by distortions that have triggered negative externalities rather than positive synergies.
The exploitation of hydrocarbons has transformed societies with no previous urban tradition into urban societies. Today, 80% of the population in Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates lives in urban areas.
Changes in temperatures and rainfall will express themselves within the complex natural and societal systems of the region. But that is not enough.
Endowed with half of the world’s known oil and gas reserves, the Middle East and North Africa region became – particularly during the second half of the twentieth century – a cornerstone of the global energy architecture.
The positive diplomatic momentum witnessed by the Eastern Mediterranean has been challenged by a variety of geo-political factors. Navigating the sub-region towards a win-win requires relevant stakeholders to identify opportunities for cooperation.
The emergence of critical environmental issues requires an integration of sustainability concerns into the mechanisms of the global economy. Green finance holds the promise of an integrated way to address environmental challenges.
Tot i que l'Orient Mitjà àrab està en plena convulsió i capta l'atenció internacional, principalment a causa de les crisis i la inestabilitat, la subregió mediterrània oriental està experimentant un cert impuls diplomàtic positiu.
El Global Risk Report del 2017 ha identificat la crisi de l’aigua com un dels tres majors riscos a nivell mundial i, tal com senyala el Grup Intergovernamental sobre el Canvi Climàtic (IPCC), el Mediterrani serà una de les zones més afectades.